About Us Who We Are Meet The Team Jim Richter, CFP®, CAIA®, EA President 800-961-0298 jim@monotelo.com Jim Richter is the President of Monotelo Advisors. Jim sets the strategic direction for the firm, including oversight of all tax and financial planning services at Monotelo Advisors. He brings 20+ years of experience in the financial services industry, including 10 years of hedge-fund specific work across diverse investment products. Prior to founding Monotelo Advisors, Jim spent 7 years as a Managing Director and Partner at a Chicago-based asset management firm. Prior to his time in the asset management industry, Jim spent 9 years as a fixed-income specialist in the banking industry. Jim is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ and Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst with a degree in Finance from the University of Illinois - Chicago. Jim is an Enrolled Agent, a federally authorized tax practitioner empowered by the US Department of the Treasury to represent taxpayers before the Internal Revenue Service. Gina Gucciardo, CPA Certified Public Accountant 217-839-4226 gina@monotelo.com Gina is a Certified Public Accountant with over 35 years in public accounting. Gina and her team provide tax and accounting services to small businesses throughout Macoupin County and the surrounding area. She spends a good portion of her time volunteering and serving on non-profit boards. She enjoys exercise and runs nearly five miles a day five days a week. She likes to travel and spend time with her family, friends, and pets. Gina has the distinct honor of being the very first graduate of of Blackburn College's Accounting program. Gina and her husband have two adult children, one grandchild and two dogs! Steve Watts, CPA Certified Public Accountant 630-377-1040 steve@monotelo.com Steve is a Certified Public Accountant with an MBA and the CIRA certification. He has extensive banking and accounting experience with direct knowledge of the challenges faced by small business owners. He has developed and implemented various automated programs for management and financial reporting. During his 13 years on the banking side, Steve has prepared financial statements as well as examined and analyzed the financial statements and cash flow for thousands of companies. He is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Illinois CPA® Society, National Association of Tax Professionals, Association of Insolvency and Restructuring Advisors and Turnaround Management Association. Steve and his wife have two adult children. Gavin Tabb, CPA Certified Public Accountant 847-923-9015 gavin@monotelo.com Gavin is a Certified Public Accountant and small business specialist for Monotelo Advisors. He is responsible for overseeing the staff that delivers a premium level of service to more than one thousand clients throughout the year. Gavin has a Bachelor’s degree in accounting from Northern Illinois University. He is an Intuit QuickBooks Certified User and he supports our small business clients throughout the United States with seamless payroll, bookkeeping and monthly accounting services. Gavin and his wife, Elise have a five-year old daughter and one-year old son. Michael Baumeister, CFP®, EA Addy Genetti Financial Planner 847-923-9015 michael@monotelo.com Accountant 217-839-4226 addy@monotelo.com Michael is a CERTIFIED FINANCIAL PLANNER™ for Monotelo Advisors. Michael provides solutions to client’s complex financial planning in a thorough, cost-effective manner. He is the point of contact for all financial planning clients to ensure a constant channel of communication and oversight. His personal experience brings an expertise in the fields of asset allocation, estate planning, insurance review, tax planning and comprehensive financial planning. Michael has a Bachelor’s degree in accounting from Judson University. Michael is an Enrolled Agent, a federally authorized tax practitioner empowered by the US Department of the Treasury to represent taxpayers before the Internal Revenue Service. Michael lives with his wife, Sarah, and their two-year-old son. Addy is an accountant for Monotelo Advisors. Addy graduated from Southern Illinois University in Edwardsville with a Bachelor’s degree in Accounting. She has 18 years of public accounting experience including preparation of individual, partnership, corporate and estate/trust tax returns. Addy serves Monotelo's small business clients with preparation of payroll, sales tax, bookkeeping and monthly accounting services. When she is not busy exceeding our clients' expectations, she is running around with her three boys to all of their sporting events. She loves to travel, especially anywhere there is a beach! Addy and her husband live on their family farm with their three boys. Lisa Rondi Accountant 217-839-4226 lisa@monotelo.com Lisa is a small business specialist for Monotelo Advisors. Lisa has 24+ years of experience in tax return, payroll, sales tax and bookkeeping preparation and review in the Gillespie and Carlinville offices. She strives to help clients with their financial needs in the ever-changing tax system. She enjoys spending time with her family, her church family and doing anything outdoors. She also enjoys spending time on her craft projects and she plays several musical instruments. Lisa lives in Mt. Clare, IL with her pets. Marianne Richter Engagement Manager 847-923-9015 marianne@monotelo.com Marianne Richter is responsible for ensuring that Monotelo is delivering a high level of customer service and meeting the expectations of Monotelo’s small business relationships. Marianne brings 13+ years of diversified training and marketing experience in the consumer goods industry to Monotelo. Working in senior management roles at Kraft Foods for more than a decade, she had national profit and loss responsibility for consumer brands. In addition to her brand management responsibilities, she also played the role of national trainer, traveling around the country training Kraft's emerging managers. Marianne and her husband, Jim live with their two sons who are both in college. Roger Medallo Relationship Specialist 800-961-0298 Roger@monotelo.com Roger plays a key role in developing relationships with small business owners for Monotelo Advisors. He sets appointments for our CEO and helps promote our Second-Act Planning® program to colleges and universities across the country. Roger has a degree in computer science and plays multiple musical instruments. Roger and his wife, Diane have been married for 6 years.

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YEAR END Tax Planning With roughly 6 weeks to go until we can say goodbye to 2020, now is a great time to review your personal situation and consider any year-end adjustments to minimize your short and long-term tax liability. We have identified five year-end planning strategies you can use to minimize your tax burden. Maximize Your Retirement Account Contributions If you have a 401(k), 403(b) or 457 retirement account you can contribute up to $19,500 ($26,000 if you are over the age of 50) for 2020. Contributions to any of these plans must be made before January 1st to apply to 2020. Before you contribute to your 401(k) you should watch our 4-minute video Why 401k Plans Are Sub-Optimal . You can also contribute up to $6,000 ($7,000 if you are over the age of 50) to a traditional or Roth IRA for 2020 depending on your income. Contributions to traditional or Roth IRAs can be made up until April 15th of next year and still be applied to your 2020 contributions. If you qualify for a Health Savings Account you should max out your contributions to the HSA before making further contributions to your other retirement accounts. This is because HSAs allow for a tax deduction for your contributions, tax-free growth of the assets in your account, and tax-free distributions when used for medical expenses. With significant medical expenses almost guaranteed later in life, an HSA combines the best of both traditional and Roth retirement accounts. For more on HSAs read “Six Myths About Health Savings Accounts ” Take Advantage of Tax-Free Capital Gains If your taxable income is below $40,000 (80,000 if you file a joint return) then your long-term capital gains tax rate is 0%. If your taxable income is below these thresholds and you own stocks or other investments that have appreciated in value you can take advantage of this 0% tax rate by selling your investments with long-term capital gains and not pay any federal income taxes. If the sale of your investment pushes your taxable income above the thresholds for the 0% bracket you will pay 15% on the amounts above the threshold but will not pay taxes on the amount up to the threshold. While capital gains below these income thresholds are tax-free, the proceeds from the sales will still increase your taxable income for the calculation of certain tax credits such as the premium tax credit for health insurance. If you are currently receiving the premium tax credit, selling your investments could reduce the amount of the credit that you qualify for. Set Up a Donor Advised Fund The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act doubled the standard deduction while also limiting or removing various itemized deductions. As a result of these changes a much greater percentage of taxpayers will be taking the standard deduction between now and 2025 when the tax cuts expire. This also means that meaningful charitable donations may have little impact on your tax return. This is because a much larger portion of your charitable deduction is being used to reach the standard deduction threshold before you can realize any tax savings. One way you can work around this new limitation is to set up a donor advised fund. With a donor advised fund you can make a large contribution to the fund in one year and then make donations out of the fund to your charities of choice over the course of several years. With a donor advised fund you get a tax deduction in the year you contribute to the fund, regardless of when the fund distributes money to a charity. For example, if you typically give $5,000 each year to your church, you can choose to contribute $15,000 now to a donor advised fund and distribute $5,000 out of the fund each year for the next 3 years. Then refill the fund at the end of the 3rd year. By bunching your contributions into every 3rd year, you can prevent the bulk of your charitable donations from being absorbed by the standard deduction threshold. Consider a Roth Conversion Contributing to a traditional IRA or 401(k) provides tax savings today by pushing the tax liability into your retirement years. This strategy can make sense when you are likely to be in a lower tax bracket in retirement. However, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act has created one of the lowest tax environments our country has seen in decades. With that in mind there is no guarantee that you will be in a lower tax bracket at retirement. And with our national debt skyrocketing, you could find yourself in a higher tax bracket when you retire, even if your income is lower than it is today. With higher tax rates likely in the future, you may want to consider converting some of your 401(k) or traditional IRA funds into a Roth IRA, paying taxes now in today's low tax environment in order to realize tax-free distributions later in retirement. With the results of the 2020 election, time could be running out to take advantage of the low tax rates. For more information on why a Roth conversion may be a limited time opportunity watch our 3-minute video Tax Efficient Retirement Planning. Converting your traditional IRA into a Roth IRA is an option for everyone, even if you are above the income threshold to make a normal contribution to a Roth IRA. You will also not be subject to the 10% early withdrawal penalty you would face when taking early distributions from a traditional IRA. For more information on why a Roth IRA could be the right choice watch our 4-minute video The Big Picture . Return Your Required Minimum Distributions If you are over the age of 70 ½ then you are required to withdraw a certain amount from your traditional IRA each year through Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs). These RMDs can create an unwelcome tax liability. Fortunately, as part of the CARES Act, all RMDs for 2020 have been waived. This means that if you have not yet taken your RMDs for 2020 you can choose not to take any for the year. If you already took your RMDs for the year then you have a few potential options to undo them. Option 1: Indirect Rollover When you take funds out of your IRA you have 60 days to either return the funds to the original IRA or invest them in another IRA through what is referred to as an indirect rollover. If you return the funds or reinvest them in another IRA within the 60 days you can avoid any taxes or penalties that would have otherwise been due on the distribution. You can only complete one indirect IRA rollover per year. Option 2: Coronavirus-Related Distribution If you took your RMDs earlier in the year and can no longer qualify for a 60-day rollover, you may still be able to undo your RMDs by qualifying them as a coronavirus-related distribution (CVD). With CVDs you can take up to $100,000 from your traditional IRA at any point in 2020 and you have 3 years from the date of the distribution to recontribute the funds and avoid paying income taxes. If you don’t recontribute the funds you can also choose to spread the tax liability over the next 3 years instead of paying it all on your 2020 return. To qualify a distribution as a CVD you must meet at least one of the following criteria: You are diagnosed with COVID-19 using a test approved by the CDC Your spouse or dependent is diagnosed with COVID-19 using a CDC-approved test You are experiencing adverse financial consequences as a result of being quarantined, being furloughed or laid off or having work hours reduced due to such virus or disease, being unable to work due to lack of child care due to such virus or disease, closing or reducing hours of a business owned or operated by you due to such virus or disease, or other factors as determined by the secretary of the Treasury. As you can see, even if you do not meet either of the first two criteria, just about anyone in the United States should be able to qualify under the third criteria given that almost every state issued a shelter-in-place order earlier this year. By reclassifying your RMD as a CVD you can either avoid the taxes altogether by recontributing your distribution within the next 3 years, though we would recommend recontributing before the end of the year to keep everything simple, or spread the tax burden of the distribution over a 3-year period. Summary Now is a great time to review your financial situation and determine if there are any year-end adjustments you should make, as there should be very few income surprises between now and year-end. Taking the time to review your situation and applying some of the strategies we just shared could help you significantly reduce your short and long-term tax liabilities. Read more articles Failing to order your affairs to minimize your tax burden could cost you significant money - so don't wait to take action. If you have additional questions or need some planning help, please reach out to us.

Monotelo Advisors Inc Tax Planning Engagement Letter Heading 1 Thank you for choosing Monotelo to assist you with your tax planning needs. Tax planning is a strategic approach to managing finances that aims to minimize tax liability and maximize savings. By organizing income, expenses, investments, and expenditures efficiently, individuals and businesses can take full advantage of tax benefits, deductions, and credits. Effective tax planning not only reduces the amount of taxes owed but also contributes to better financial health by freeing up resources for savings, investments, and future growth. This engagement letter outlines the scope of our services, your responsibilities, and our commitment to providing you with accurate and timely solutions. By agreeing to this letter, you authorize Monotelo to prepare a tax plan that will help to reduce your short-term and lifetime tax liability. We look forward to working with you to ensure that you retain more of your hard-earned money.

Our observations on how the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act actually impacted our clients in 2018. 1 2 The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that was enacted by congress last year was the biggest change to the tax code our country has seen in 30 years. We have talked about how the changes would impact you, our clients in past correspondence; so we thought it might be helpful to share our perspective now that the first tax season under the new laws is behind us. Comparing our client’s 2017 and 2018 tax returns, here are our main observations on how Monotelo clients’ returns changed from 2017 to 2018: Average income increased 4% from 2017 to 2018 Total taxes paid decreased by an average $564 per return filed The average effective tax rate decreased from 11.09% to 10.42% Federal refunds on average decreased $1,729 What’s most notable about the data we just shared is the fact that the lion’s share of our clients paid less income tax in 2018 than they paid in 2017 (and that includes the fact that you made more money in 2018), yet you received a smaller refund around tax time. People often assume that a smaller refund means the government is keeping more of your money, but that assumption would be wrong. Your tax refund is simply the difference between what you paid to the government throughout the year and what you should have paid. A tax refund is a good metric for how accurate your tax payments were, but not a good metric for how much you actually paid in taxes. Despite lower refunds, our clients actually paid $564 less in taxes than they did in 2017, while they made more money. With the average effective tax rate (actual taxes paid as a percentage of total income received) dropping from 11.09% to 10.42%, the biggest factor was the new tax brackets. Many taxpayers who were previously in the 15% or 25% brackets moved into the 12% or 22% brackets after the tax reform. If our clients payed a lower percentage of their income in taxes, and payed a lower dollar amount in taxes, then why was there such a significant drop in the average refund amount from the prior year? The primary factor that contributed to the lower refunds is the changes that were made to the withholding tables that calculate the federal tax to withhold from your paychecks. The main reason people were receiving larger tax refunds in prior years was due to the fact that the withholding tables were skewed to put more money in the hands of the government over the course of the year. The prior withholding tables did not properly account for the various deductions that taxpayers could take on their returns, and simply assumed that the taxpayer would be taking the standard deduction. With the standard deduction increasing significantly in 2018, a larger percentage of taxpayers utilized the standard deduction, and did not itemize. This single change caused the withholding tables to more accurately calculate the correct amount of federal withholding, and put more money into the pockets of taxpayers throughout the year. Lower withholding means more money in each paycheck. On average our clients had $2,300 fewer dollars taken out of their checks in 2018 than they did in 2017. The bad news is that some people were relying on the larger refunds, and didn’t realize that their raise came in each check they collected throughout the year. Takeaways Overall, our clients faired pretty well under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The majority of our clients paid a lower percentage of their income in taxes. For those who paid significantly more tax in 2018 than they paid in 2017, it was usually due to a large increase in income. While most taxpayers received lower refunds than prior years, this was largely due to decreases in their federal withholdings, not because they had a larger tax bill to pay. As we approach the midpoint of 2019, now is a great time to review the tax withholdings from your paycheck to ensure you do not owe at the end of the year. If you are concerned about owing on your 2019 tax return or would like an idea of what refund you can expect next year, give us a call and we can provide you with some guidance. THE IMPACT of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Read more articles Failing to order your affairs to minimize your tax burden could cost you significant money - so don't wait to take action. If you have additional questions or need some planning help, please reach out to us.

SMALL BUSINESS TIPS Deduct Your Medical Expenses by Hiring Your Spouse Deducting 100% of Your Business Meals New Provisions for the Paycheck Protection Program Pandemic Provision for Tax-Free Payments to Your Employees How to Get Forgiveness of Your Paycheck Protection Loan Tax Impact of the Paycheck Protection Program Economic Relief From The Small Business Administration Deducting Your Business Travel Five Year-End Business Deductions Avoid Taxes On Your Reimbursed Employee Expenses How Will Your Real-Estate Sale Be Taxed? Putting Your Self-Employment Income Away for Retirement Deducting the Business Use of Your Vehicle How to Deduct Your Vacation Travel as a Business Expense Staying Out of the "Danger Zone" of the New Small-Business Deduction New Deduction for Pass-Through Businesses Unlocking the Missed Deductions of a Home Office Avoid the Headaches and Penalties Associated with 1099 Reporting Providing Healthcare Coverage to Your Employees What is the Best Business Structure for You? Are You Protecting Yourself From Your Corporate Income?

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AVOID THE HIDDEN TRAPS of Retirement Plan Loans When you are looking for a loan, one option you can consider is to take out a loan from your retirement plan. These loans do not require a credit check, and they generally have very favorable interest rates. For employees who are having trouble securing a loan, borrowing from their retirement plan can be an easy way to secure a loan. However, these plans can be dangerous if not treated with the proper caution. There are complex rules that go along with these loans, and defaulting on the loan results in the remaining balance being considered a taxable distribution from the plan and can be subject to the 10% early distribution penalty. Requirements for retirement plan loans There are 3 requirements that must be met in order to receive a loan from your retirement plan: The entire loan balance must be repaid within five years, except in cases where the loan is used to purchase a principal residence. 1 The loan must be repaid using equal payments on at least a quarterly basis, meaning you cannot make small payments for 4 years and one large payment in the last year. 2 The loan balance cannot exceed $50,000, or one-half of the account balance, whichever amount is lower. 3 Defaulting on the loan results in the remaining balance being considered a taxable distribution, subject to a 10% penalty Repayment of loans In order to avoid the loan being treated as a distribution, you must make all of the payments on time. Plans will generally offer a grace period on missed payments up to the end of the next quarter after the payment was due. However, some plans offer smaller grace periods or no grace period at all. What happens when you leave your job while you are still repaying a retirement plan loan? Most companies don't want to deal with collecting payments from individuals who no longer work for them. When you leave your job you will be given 60 days to pay off the balance of the loan. Any amount not paid off in the 60 days will be deducted from the balance of the plan and will be considered a distribution, which will be taxable and subject to the 10% penalty for early distribution. Key Takeaway Taking out a loan from your retirement plan can be an easy way to secure a loan. There are no credit checks or high interest rates. However, the tax penalty can be painful if you are unable to make the required payments. At Monotelo, we exist to make a difference with meaningful and actionable financial solutions that positively impact our client's lives. If you have questions about what steps you can be taking to prepare for your retirement years, call us at 800-961-0298

Monotelo Advisors Privacy Policy Introduction At Monotelo Advisors, we respect your privacy and are committed to protecting your personal information. This Privacy Policy outlines our practices regarding the collection and use of your data. Information Collection We may collect personal information from you in various ways, including when you visit our website, subscribe to our newsletter, fill out a form, or interact with our services. The types of personal information we collect may include: - Contact information (name, email address, phone number) - Demographic information (age, gender, location) Use of Information We use the information we collect for various purposes, including: - To provide and improve our services - To communicate with you, including sending newsletters and updates - To personalize your experience on our website - To analyze and understand how our services are used No Sale of Personal Data At Monotelo Advisors, we prioritize the confidentiality and security of your personal information. We want to assure you that we do not sell or share your personal data to any third parties. Your trust is of utmost importance to us, and we are committed to protecting your privacy. Data Security We implement a variety of security measures to maintain the safety of your personal information when you enter, submit, or access your personal information. We do not share personal data (phone numbers) with third parties, affiliates or partners Your Rights Depending on your location, you may have certain rights regarding your personal information, including: - The right to access your personal data - The right to correct any inaccuracies - The right to request deletion of your data - The right to restrict processing of your data - The right to data portability - The right to object to the processing of your data If you wish to exercise any of these rights, please contact us using the information provided below. Changes to This Policy We may update our Privacy Policy from time to time. We will notify you of any changes by posting the new policy on our website. You are advised to review this policy periodically for any changes.v

TO BE AWARE OF UNDER THE 2018 TAX REFORM At the end of last year President Trump signed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act into law, signaling the largest tax reform in over three decades. We have received a lot of questions recently on how this law will affect our clients. With the tax season now behind us it is time to address how these changes will impact you in 2018. There are many aspects to this law and there is no "one size fits all" explanation for how it will impact our clients. Some of our clients will win and some of them will lose under the new law. With that in mind we have outlined the five changes that we believe are most relevant to you. Personal exemptions historically represented a $4,000 reduction in taxable income for each dependent listed on the tax return. Under the new law these exemptions have been eliminated. However, to help mitigate the loss of these exemptions, the law also made changes to the child tax credit and has added a new credit for non-child dependents. Starting in 2018 the Child Tax Credit has been doubled to $2,000 per child, $1,400 of which is refundable. The phaseout threshold for the Child Tax Credit has also been drastically increased to $200,000 for single filers and $400,000 for joint filers. This means that most taxpayers who were previously prevented from claiming the full Child Tax Credit will now be able to claim the entire credit. Additionally, the law has introduced a new $500 credit for any dependents who are over the age of 17, allowing parents to continue to receive a tax benefit for children in college or other adults residing in their home. SUMMARY There are many moving parts in the new tax law, with a lot of them working to balance one another out. Some of our clients will see a decrease in their tax bill while others will see it increase. Overall, we do not expect any of our clients to see drastic changes, good or bad, with the new code. We expect the majority of our clients to see an increase or decrease in their tax bill of less than $1,000. If you would like to know how the tax reform will directly impact you, please call our office. Read more articles Share Tax Brackets The number of brackets remains at seven. And the percentage charged at each of these brackets has been reduced, with the notable exception of the lowest bracket of 10% which remains unchanged. The majority of our clients who were previously in the 15% or 25% tax bracket will now find themselves in the 12% or 22% bracket respectively. You may have already noticed the impact of these new brackets when your employer adjusted your withholdings earlier in the year, increasing your take home pay. UNREIMBURSED EMPLOYEE EXPENSES The change that could have the greatest impact on our public servant clients is the elimination of the deduction for unreimbursed employee expenses. As the law currently stands, employees will no longer be able to deduct their union dues, work uniforms, tools, or any other expenses related to their employment. The only exception to this is the special $250 allowance for teacher's expenses which remains unaffected. There is currently a bill in congress which seeks to reinstate the deduction for unreimbursed expenses. The "Tax Fairness for Workers Act" would not only bring back the itemized deduction for employee expenses but would go a step further and allow for specific deductions to be taken above-the-line, meaning they would not be subject to many of the limitations that currently restrict their use. It remains to be seen how far this bill will go but we strongly recommend that you keep track of your job expenses until a decision is reached. If the bill passes, this will cause job related expenses to have a greater impact on your tax return. ITEMIZED DEDUCTIONS AND THE STANDARD DEDUCTION One of the most promoted aspects of the new tax law is the nearly doubling of the standard deduction to $12,000 for single, $18,000 for head of household, and $24,000 for joint filers. While the standard deduction amounts are receiving significant increases, many of the allowed itemized deductions are either being handicapped or removed entirely: The deductions for state and local income taxes as well as property taxes are capped at a combined total of $10,000. This means that homeowners in high income-tax states are likely to lose a portion of this former deduction. The deduction for home mortgage interest remains but is limited to mortgages that do not exceed $750,00, down from the previous threshold of $1,000,000. All miscellaneous itemized deductions (including tax preparation fees, casualty losses and all unreimbursed employee expenses) have been eliminated entirely. The increased standard deduction amounts combined with the additional restrictions on itemized deductions increases the chances of the standard deduction being more beneficial than itemizing deductions in 2018. 1 ABOVE THE LINE DEDUCTIONS Above-the-line deductions are more beneficial than itemized deductions as they have far fewer restrictions. The new tax law retains many of these deductions including educator expenses, student loan interest, and contributions to Health Savings Accounts. Two deductions that have been changed are expenses for a job-related move, and alimony payments. Starting in 2018 expenses for a job-related move will only be deductible by active members of the military. Starting in 2019 alimony payments will no longer be deductible. However, this will only apply to divorce agreements settled after the start of 2019. This means that alimony payments from divorce agreements that were already in place prior to 2019 will continue to be deductible. FIVE CHANGES 3 PERSONAL EXEMPTIONS AND THE CHILD TAX CREDIT 2 4 5 At Monotelo, we exist to make a difference with meaningful and actionable financial solutions that positively impact our client's lives. If you have questions about what steps you can be taking to prepare for your retirement years, call us at 800-961-0298

At Monotelo Advisors we work hard to free up cash flow by helping you minimize your federal tax liability, giving you more money to reinvest into your future. TAX EXPERTISE Monotelo believes there is a better way to help you secure your financial future. It starts by improving your cash flow, then focusing on the budget and retirement savings to help you take charge of a future filled with peace and financial security. Our mission is to make a difference with meaningful and actionable financial solutions that positively impact our client's lives. We do this by integrating the tax component into all our discussions - freeing up cash flow that allows our clients to live the lives they want to live. SMALL BUSINESS OWNERS If you are a small-business owner, there is a high probability that you are paying more tax than what is required. And the key to lowering your tax bill is not in finding a competent CPA to file your tax returns, it's in finding an expert with a disciplined process to help you plan your future. LEARN MORE PRIVATE CLIENTS With the opportunities and challenges of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Monotelo's unique blend of expertise in tax law, retirement planning and wealth management can be a critical factor in helping you reach your short and long-term goals. LEARN MORE RETIREMENT PLANNING The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act has made proper tax planning more critical than ever when it comes to preparing for retirement. Monotelo's unique blend of expertise and wealth management can help you reach your retirement goals. LEARN MORE TAX EXPERTISE Click here to access the tools and articles designed to help you manage your taxes and your finances while giving you confidence to take the steps needed to prepare for a future filled with peace, hope and financial security. LEARN MORE

Quarterly: Oct 17 Better Thinking... The world is complex, and it can tax our mental resources to process all the information that is coming our way. To keep up with all the data that our minds are processing, we come up with time-saving (and energy saving) rules of thumb, called heuristics. We may be applying these heuristics unconsciously, and they don’t even need to be rational. We simply need to believe them. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Nobel Prize winner and author Daniel Kahneman breaks down our decision-making process into two systems. To keep things simple he describes them as “System 1” and “System 2.” System 1 is intuitive and emotional. It is fast and easy. “There was a shark attack last week, I am never going to the beach again.” System 2 is deliberative and logical. It is also slow and requires effort. “What are the chances of getting attacked by a shark? Are they higher today than they were last week? Is swimming in the ocean more dangerous than swimming in a community pool?” If I were to ask you “What is 7 times 3?” You could access System 1 and respond immediately with “21.” If I were to ask you “What is 277 times 53?” You could respond with the correct answer, but it would likely require you to tap into System 2 before you answered correctly. System 2 requires a deeper level of thinking, and it requires a near-exclusive devotion to the problem-solving effort. It would be nearly impossible for someone to multiply 277 by 53 in their head while writing out instructions on how to make banana bread - even if they had a great recipe for banana bread stored in their memory. That’s because System 2 thinking requires concentration to solve the problem. The interesting thing about System 2 is that it can morph into System 1 when we spend hundreds or thousands of hours training our mind. Here are two examples: My younger son got his license back in February. When he first started driving, it took all of his concentration to remember where to put his hands on the steering wheel, the rules of the road, and the process of looking ahead, behind and the sides of the road to identify threats. When we first start driving, we go into “System 2” to concentrate on the task at hand. As time goes by, those basic driving and awareness skills become second-nature to us, and driving can move from a System 2 process to a System 1 process. I often listen to podcasts while driving on the interstate. I can do this because System 1 takes over, and driving is second-nature . Another example of this would be Garry Kasparov, who retired from professional chess after being ranked as the world’s top chess player for 20 years. If Gary were to come and play 10 amateur chess players, he could play them all at the same time. We could line them up and Gary could could move from player to player, knowing immediately what his next move would be. The next move on a chess board is second nature for Gary because he has played thousands of games. He knows the implications of moving the rook or moving the queen. He doesn’t need to access System 2 to beat an inexperienced player. The challenge with our System 1 and System 2 thinking is when we "think" we are an expert, or we have a life experience that impacts us. This perception of “expertise” or the impact of life experience can shape our decision-making process in an equally profound way – to our benefit and to our detriment. That’s because these experiences build the heuristics that we use as short-cuts to make decisions, and some of these heuristics are helpful, but some are not. So how do we distinguish between the two? Understanding how System 1 and System 2 work together is critical because we cannot always trust our System 1 intuitions. And a big part of our challenge is that System 1 is so much easier to operate from, because we have all the data to reinforce our personal biases. How do we determine which of these short-cuts lead to better outcomes? Over the next few weeks we will explore how to limit the downside of our System 1/System 2 thinking and how to use these two systems to make better investment decisions. Read Part Two: "...Better Decisions"